Kidney stone disease is one of the most common urological conditions affecting individuals today, with a rising incidence in India, especially across Delhi NCR, Gurgaon, Haryana, Punjab, and North India. Studies show that 12% of the Indian population develops kidney stones, and nearly 50% of untreated cases can lead to long-term kidney damage.

Patients in Gurgaon and across Delhi NCR seeking expert evaluation and treatment for kidney stones can rely on Dr. Arif Akhtar’s advanced urological care.
Known for his proven clinical outcomes, Dr. Akhtar offers comprehensive kidney stones treatment at his clinic in Sector 56, Gurgaon, making him one of the top choices for patients in the region.

As one of the best kidney stone doctors in Gurgaon, He specializes in precise diagnosis and a range of treatment options.

What Are Kidney Stones?

Kidney stones are hard crystal-like deposits formed in the kidneys when minerals such as calcium, oxalate, cystine, uric acid, and phosphate accumulate and are not flushed out properly. Over time, these crystals combine to form stones that may stay in the kidney or travel down the urinary tract, causing pain, infection, or blockage.

Causes of Kidney Stones

Kidney stones form when the balance of minerals and fluids in the urine is disrupted, allowing crystals to build up and form stones. Instead of a single cause, multiple lifestyle, medical, dietary, metabolic, and anatomical factors contribute to stone formation. Patients from Gurgaon and across Delhi NCR frequently require evaluation of underlying metabolic and lifestyle factors to prevent recurrent stones.

Kidney stones form when urine contains excessive minerals like calcium, oxalate, or uric acid and lacks enough fluids or natural inhibitors (e.g., citrate) to dissolve them, leading to crystal formation and stone development.

1. Low Fluid Intake / Dehydration

Inadequate hydration leads to concentrated urine, increasing the risk of crystal formation. Adults should aim for sufficient daily water intake to maintain clear or light-colored urine, especially in warmer climates like North India.
Low urine volume is one of the strongest risk factors for kidney stone formation due to increased mineral concentration.

2. Dietary Factors

Certain dietary habits influence stone risk:

High salt (sodium) increases calcium leakage into urine
High sugar and high animal protein raise stone-forming minerals and uric acid
Excess oxalate-rich foods (spinach, beetroot, nuts, chocolate, tea, coffee, cola) can contribute to calcium-oxalate stones
Low natural citrate intake (found in lemon/citrus) reduces stone prevention

Important: Restricting calcium entirely is not recommended unless medically advised, as balanced dietary calcium can reduce oxalate absorption.

3. Obesity & Lifestyle Disorders

Excess body weight, diabetes, insulin resistance, and sedentary lifestyle increase:

Uric acid levels
Urine acidity (low pH)
Sodium excretion
These changes make stone formation more likely.

4. Metabolic and Genetic Conditions

Some people are predisposed due to metabolic or inherited disorders:

Hyperparathyroidism
Renal tubular acidosis
Cystinuria
Hyperoxaluria or Hyperuricosuria (high oxalate or uric acid in urine)

5. Digestive Disorders & Surgeries

Conditions that affect nutrient absorption can increase stone risk:

Chronic diarrhea, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis
Bariatric/gastric bypass surgery

These conditions alter calcium–oxalate balance and increase dehydration risk.

6. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Recurrent or chronic infections can lead to struvite (infection-related) stones, which grow rapidly and may become large if untreated.

7. Anatomical or Structural Urinary Abnormalities

Certain conditions slow or obstruct urine flow, increasing stone risk:

Ureteric obstruction or strictures
Horseshoe kidney
Vesicoureteral reflux
Medullary sponge kidney

8. Medications & Supplements

Some commonly used drugs may increase stone risk, including:

Excess Vitamin C or D supplements
Calcium-based antacids
Certain diuretics, laxatives, migraine or depression medications

Patients on long-term medication should discuss stone risk with their urologist.

Other Supporting Risk Factors

Previous history of stones (high recurrence rate)
Family history of stone disease
Male gender (higher incidence)
Hot climate leading to dehydration
Low citrate levels in urine (natural stone inhibitor)

Summary

Key Driver	Effect
Low water intake	Concentrated urine, crystal formation
High salt/sugar/protein	More calcium, uric acid, acidic urine
Obesity/diabetes	Uric acid stones, low urine pH
Metabolic disorders	High stone-forming minerals
UTIs	Infection stones (struvite)
Gut disorders/surgery	Oxalate imbalance, dehydration
Medications	Alter urine chemistry
Structural issues	Urine stasis, recurrent stones

How Urine Chemistry Affects Stone Formation

High calcium → Calcium stones (most common)
High oxalate → Calcium oxalate stones
High uric acid → Uric acid stones
Infection-related bacteria → Struvite (infection stones)
Genetic metabolic disorders → Cystine stones

Note: Many patients believe calcium in food causes stones. In reality, very low dietary calcium can actually increase stone formation because calcium binds oxalate in the gut and prevents it from entering the kidneys.

Signs & Symptoms – When to Suspect a Stone

Seek medical evaluation if you notice:

Sudden severe pain in back, side, or lower abdomen
Pain radiating to groin
Burning or painful urination
Blood in urine (red or brownish tinge)
Frequent urge to urinate, passing small amounts
Nausea, vomiting
Fever with chills (possible infected stone — medical emergency)

Diagnosis by a Specialist

For accurate detection and treatment planning, Dr. Arif Akhtar uses:

Ultrasound KUB
CT KUB (non-contrast) – Gold standard for diagnosis
X-ray KUB
Urine routine & culture
Blood tests
Metabolic stone evaluation (for recurrent stone formers)

Kidney stone treatment: A Comprehensive Approach

Kidney stone treatment involves the use of various methods to remove or break down stones, manage symptoms, and prevent recurrence. The right treatment plan is tailored to the individual, ensuring optimal outcomes based on specific needs.

At Dr. Arif Akhtar’s clinic in Sector 56, Gurgaon, patients receive advanced and customized care for kidney stones. Whether it’s complete stone removal, pain relief, or long-term prevention, Dr. Akhtar’s approach is designed to address every aspect of kidney stone management. From medical therapy for smaller stones to laser and keyhole procedures for larger or more complex stones, the treatment is evidence-based and ethically guided.

Treatment is not the same for all patients. It depends on:
🔹 Stone size
🔹 Stone location
🔹 Patient symptoms
🔹 Kidney function
🔹 Infection status

1. Conservative / Medical Management

Best for small stones (<5–6 mm)

Pain control medications
Alpha-blockers to help stone passage
Medicines to dissolve uric acid stones
Hydration and lifestyle correction

2. Non-Invasive Treatment

ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy)

No incision
Day-care procedure
Shock waves break stones into passable fragments

3. Minimally Invasive Advanced Procedures

URS (Ureteroscopy + Laser Stone Removal)

No external cut
Laser breaks stone effectively
Quick recovery, high success rate

PCNL / Mini PCNL (Keyhole Kidney Surgery)

Best for large or complex stones
Tiny incision in the back
Highly effective for stones >15–20 mm

Why Patients Prefer Dr. Arif Akhtar for Kidney Stone Treatment

Renowned Kidney Stone Surgeon in Delhi NCR
Expertise in laser stone removal and complex stone cases
Personalized and ethical treatment approach
Focus on stone-free results + long-term recurrence prevention
Uses latest minimally invasive technology
High patient satisfaction and safety standards

Patients travel to consult Dr. Arif Akhtar in Gurgaon from across Delhi NCR for advanced kidney stone care.

Preventing Kidney Stones – Specialist Guidelines

Hydration Targets:

Dietary Advice:

Reduce salt, processed food
Moderate animal protein
Maintain calcium intake through natural foods (not supplements)
Limit oxalate if prone to oxalate stones
Avoid excessive vitamin C, calcium pills unless prescribed
Do not delay treatment for urine infection

FAQs

What are kidney stones?

Kidney stones are hard mineral deposits that form in the kidneys and can cause pain and discomfort when they move through the urinary tract.

What causes kidney stones?

Kidney stones can form due to a variety of factors, including dehydration, a diet high in salt and protein, obesity, and certain medical conditions.

What are the symptoms of kidney stones?

Symptoms of kidney stones can include severe pain in the back or side, nausea, vomiting, and difficulty passing urine.

How are kidney stones diagnosed?

Kidney stones can be diagnosed through a physical exam, urine tests, blood tests, and imaging tests such as X-rays or ultrasounds.

What are the treatment options for kidney stones?

Treatment options for kidney stones may include extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and in some cases, medication or dietary changes.

Will I need surgery to treat my kidney stones?

Not all cases of kidney stones require surgery. Treatment will depend on the size and location of the stones, as well as the severity of your symptoms.

How long does treatment take?

The length of treatment will vary depending on the type of treatment and the size and location of the stones. Your healthcare provider will discuss the treatment timeline with you.

What can I do to prevent kidney stones?

Drinking plenty of water, avoiding a diet high in salt and protein, and maintaining a healthy weight can all help prevent the formation of kidney stones.

If you have further questions about kidney stones or their treatment, please don’t hesitate to contact us. Our team of experts is here to help you find the answers you need.

Kidney Stone Treatment in Gurgaon